1. How to choose a mask?
Wearing a new mask is an effective way to block the transmission of respiratory secretions. At present, the masks that can be seen on the market mainly include medical protective masks (such as N95 masks), medical surgical masks and general disposable medical masks. In addition, there are cotton masks and sponge masks on the market. We choose surgical masks for daily protection. N95 mask has better disease prevention effect, but it is not suitable for wearing for a long time due to its poor air permeability and high respiratory resistance.
2. How to wear the mask correctly?
When wearing the mask, fully unfold the folded face, completely wrap the mouth, nose and mandible, and then compress the nose clip to make the mask fully fit the face.
Wash your hands before wearing the mask, or avoid touching the inner face of the mask during wearing, so as to reduce the possibility of contamination of the mask. To distinguish the inside and outside, up and down of the mask, the light color should be the inside, the inside should be close to the mouth and nose, the dark side should face out; one end of the metal strip (nose clip) is the top of the mask. The mask should be replaced regularly. It is not allowed to wear it on the inside and outside, not to mention on both sides in turn.
3.Can we not wear masks in places where people are not crowded?
Go to crowded places, because there are many people and no ventilation, there may be pathogens around you, so it is necessary to wear masks. However, in places where the population is not dense, if the environment is open and the pathogens are diluted, it is not enough to infect people, so people can not wear masks. But if you have cough, fever and other symptoms, in order to prevent infection, you need to wear masks.
4.There is a shortage of masks. Can they be worn again? Can it be reused after boiling?
Medical surgical masks cannot be reused. In principle, the same is true for N95 respirators. But the actual situation is special, for ordinary people, masks are generally scarce now. If there is no fever or catarrh (runny nose, sneezing, stuffy nose, etc.), it can be reused for no more than 5 times. However, it should be stressed that there is a risk of reuse. The protective effect of the mask is weakened after boiling. It is not recommended to use it repeatedly.
5.What other details should we pay attention to in our daily life?
Apart from wearing masks, we are better at hand washing. The novel coronavirus can touch the mucosa of the nose, mouth and other parts of the coronavirus through hand contact and enter the body. Washing hands by soap and mobile water for more than 20 seconds can effectively kill pathogens and play a protective role.
6.How to do a good job of disinfection at home?
(1). Alcohol: alcohol can denature and coagulate the protein of bacteria. 75% medical alcohol can be used to disinfect the skin.
(2). Steamer: the purpose of disinfection can be achieved 20 minutes from boiling. It is suitable for disinfecting tableware, clothes and bandaging wound gauze.
(3). Boiling: 100 ℃ can also denature the protein of bacteria, and all the articles that need disinfection and sterilization need to be immersed in the water. Suitable for tableware, some toys, bedding, etc.
(4). Air cleaning: it is necessary to keep the indoor air clean and ventilate regularly, especially in autumn and winter. Do not neglect the ventilation because of the cold.
(5). Potassium permanganate solution: use 5 ‰ potassium permanganate to disinfect tableware, vegetables and fruits, soak for 1 minute, then rinse again with clean drinking water.
(6). Bleaching powder: bleaching powder can make the enzyme of bacteria lose activity and cause death, which is a very effective disinfection and sterilization method. Use 1-3% bleach water (bleach water plus clear water) on tables, chairs, beds, floors, walls, etc. and wipe with a rag to achieve the purpose of disinfection.
(7). Disinfectant: chlorine containing disinfectant can effectively disinfect and sterilize. It can be directly diluted and then put in a plastic pot for disinfection and sterilization, but it is necessary to avoid food and tableware. Suitable for tables, chairs, beds, walls, floors, etc.
7. how to novel coronavirus infection effectively?
To prevent novel coronavirus infection, the following measures should be taken:
(1). Avoid areas with high epidemic situation and places with dense population flow. Avoid enclosed, airless public places and places where people gather, especially children, the elderly and people with low immunity. Wear a mask when you go out.
(2). Strengthen window ventilation. Windows should be opened for ventilation for a period of time every day at home or office. Strengthening air circulation can effectively prevent respiratory infectious diseases.
(3). Pay attention to personal hygiene. Wash your hands frequently with soap and running water or hand sanitizer. When sneezing or coughing, please cover your mouth and nose with a tissue or elbow. Do not cover your mouth and nose directly with your hands.
(4). Observe and see a doctor in time. In case of fever (especially high fever, cough, shortness of breath and other respiratory tract infection symptoms, masks shall be worn in time and medical treatment shall be conducted in time.
8.how novel coronavirus infection is prevented at home?
(1).Enhance health awareness, exercise properly, go to bed early and get up early, and do not stay up late can improve self immunity; keep good personal hygiene habits, wash hands frequently and thoroughly, and do not touch eyes and nostrils with dirty hands; ventilate the room and keep it clean and tidy; avoid close contact with people with respiratory symptoms as much as possible; try to avoid crowded people and confined space, if necessary Please wear a mask; avoid contact with wild animals or livestock and poultry; adhere to safe eating habits, eat meat and eggs to be cooked; pay close attention to fever, cough and other symptoms, and see a doctor in time.
(2). Ensure the indoor air circulation and thoroughly clean the furniture environment at least once a week. When the surface or ground of the articles is polluted by respiratory secretions, vomitus or excreta, the visible dirt shall be removed with a disposable cloth with strong water absorption first, and then the contaminated place and its vicinity shall be cleaned and disinfected with a proper disinfectant.
9. how to novel coronavirus infection?
Coronavirus is mainly transmitted by droplets, and surgical masks should be properly worn; do not cover directly with hands when sneezing or coughing; wash hands correctly and timely; improve immunity, and try to go to less crowded and closed places. Strengthening exercise, regular work and rest, and improving self immunity are important means to avoid being infected.
10. Recently, I have been to the high epidemic area. What should I pay attention to when I return to my place of residence?
If you have been to a high epidemic area recently, such as Wuhan, you should pay special attention to the physical condition of yourself and the people around you when you return to your place of residence, and try to avoid going to public places and crowded places. In case of fever, fatigue, dry cough, muscle ache, shortness of breath and other symptoms, it is necessary to wear a mask correctly and seek medical treatment immediately. When seeking medical treatment, it is necessary to take the initiative to inform the doctor of his travel history and contact history in Wuhan, and do not conceal his illness and experience.
11. How to wash hands effectively?
Wash your hands before eating, after defecating, after going home, touching garbage and touching animals. Wash hands thoroughly with running water, soap or hand sanitizer, and rub for at least 20 seconds. In order to facilitate memory, the kneading steps are simply summed up into seven word formula: inside outside clip bow big stand wrist.
Inside: palm to palm, rub each other.
Outside: palm to back of hand, two hands cross rub.
Clip: palm to palm, cross rub with ten fingers.
Bow: it refers to bending, tightening and rolling.
Big: hold the thumb in the palm, rotate and rub.
Li: rub your fingertips in the palm.
Wrist: clean your wrist.
If your hands are not visibly dirty, use alcohol based hand sanitizer to avoid touching your eyes, nose and mouth with unclean hands.
12. what novel coronavirus infection should we pay attention to?
It is suggested to match the food according to the dietary guidelines for Chinese residents. We should pay attention to maintain a reasonable diet structure and ensure balanced nutrition. Pay attention to the diversity of food, with appropriate thickness and meat, eat more fresh fruits and vegetables, supplement vitamins and cellulose, and drink more water. Do not believe that novel coronavirus infection can be treated by folk prescription and diet therapy. If suspicious symptoms are found, they should be well protected and treated in a regular hospital.
13. how to novel coronavirus infection should be prevented from going out?
First of all, make sure your body is healthy. If you have fever, cough and other physical discomfort symptoms in the near future, you should suspend your trip and go to the hospital for treatment. Secondly, travel should try to avoid high epidemic areas, such as Wuhan and other places. If you go to other areas, you should also pay attention to personal protection, such as wearing disposable surgical masks correctly, covering your mouth and nose with paper towels or elbows when sneezing or coughing, avoiding direct contact with your face or eyes after touching public goods or facilities, washing your hands with running water and soap when conditions permit, or cleaning your hands with hands free disinfectant.
14. What are the protective measures for the elderly, children and other vulnerable people?
The elderly are the novel coronavirus susceptible population. During the epidemic period, they should not enter the crowded public places and reduce unnecessary social activities. They should wear masks, wash their hands frequently, strengthen the cleaning and disinfection of their home environment, and maintain indoor air circulation.
Although there are not many cases of children, they are still the key groups that need to be protected. While washing hands frequently, traveling less, wearing masks and ventilation more frequently, we should also advise relatives and friends to avoid close contact with children, especially infants, such as kissing, teasing, etc.
15. What protective measures should be taken when going to crowd gathering places?
Try to avoid going to public places where people gather, so as to reduce the chance of contact with the sick people. If you have to go to a public place, wear a mask to reduce the risk of contact with pathogens, provided you choose the right mask and wear it correctly. At the same time, we should try to avoid going to epidemic areas to reduce the risk of infection.